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Jul 26, 2020
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Its graver and less hopeful tone reflects the disappointments and discouragements which he had encountered in his efforts to lead the way to reform.
Like its predecessor, Noli Me Tangere, it was written in Castilian while Rizal was traveling and studying in Europe.
EL FILIBUSTERISMO , the second novel by Jose Rizal (1861-1896) is a story of the last days of the Spanish régime in the Philippines.
The book represents Rizal’s more mature judgment on political and social conditions in the islands
It is written some four or five years after Noli
He dedicated his writing to GOMBURZA – the Filipino priests named Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora who were executed on charges of subversion. The two novels of Rizal, now considered as his literary masterpieces, both indirectly sparked the Philippine Revolution.
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The book was published in Ghent in 1891 and later translated into English (under the name of The Reign of Greed), German, French, Japanese, Tagalog, Ilonggo, and other languages.
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Rizal’s dedication to the first edition is of special interest, as the writing of it was one of the grounds of accusation against him when he was condemned to death in 1896. The novel portrays the abuse, corruption, and discrimination of the Spaniards towards Filipinos, so it was banned in the country at the time.
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For many years, copies of the Fili were smuggled into the Philippines after it was condemned as subversive by the Spanish authorities.
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Characters from the Noli (Basilio, Dona Victorina, Padre Salvi) return while new ones are introduced: Simoun, the transformed Ibarra; Cabesang Tales and his struggle for justice; the nationalist student Isagani; the Indio priest Padre Florentino.
"Through them, the colonial milieu is expanded - its officialdom, education, legal system, power plays, social patterns - and seen anew as context for conflict and insights."
Source of Info:
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https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/the-8-most-important-literary-works-by-jose-rizal/
https://opinion.inquirer.net/6995/still-much-to-learn-about-rizal%E2%80%99s-lifework-and-influence
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